A digest of events, trends, issues, ideas and journalism from and about rural America, by the Institute for Rural Journalism, based at the University of Kentucky.
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North Carolina farmers worry about tariff effects. (Adobe Stock Photo)
President Trump's tariff policies are affecting farmers' harvest plans, and some of them are concerned about the stability of their profits.
Cleve Wootson Jr. wrote in an article for the Washington Post that in North Carolina, farmers are struggling.
“Midway through the spring planting season, farmers in a state whose electoral votes went to Trump in the past three elections are struggling with the unpredictability of his tariffs, which threaten their access to foreign markets and add a heavy dose of uncertainty to an already capricious undertaking. The presidential complications are simultaneously logistical, economic and political,” reported Wootson.
The added stress of new and changing tariffs are not helping an “already difficult agricultural year” in a state that has been hit with a hurricane and drought affecting the whole state, according to what Democratic state representative, Eric Ager, told Wootson.
Eric's brother, Jamie, farms just outside of Asheville and said he, his customers, and colleagues are feeling the stress. Jamie told Wootson that while farmers “are worried that their crops will be taxed out of overseas business,” restaurants he sells to have raised their prices, and a school he provides beef to has had to stop the program that allowed them that opportunity.
These worries rub salt in the wound of farmers who are also having a harder time getting “assistance with support and subsidy programs” due to cuts at the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Dyeing Easter eggs is a tradition some families will continue no matter the price of eggs. (Adobe Stock photo)
The price of a dozen eggs continues to defy gravity by going up and staying up, despite "a drop in wholesale prices and no egg farms having bird flu outbreaks," report Josh Funk and Dee-Ann Durbin of The Associated Press. "U.S. egg prices increased again last month to reach a new record-high of $6.23 per dozen despite President Donald Trump’s predictions" that prices would decline substantially.
The continued spike in egg prices means, "businesses that rely on eggs might not get much immediate relief," AP reports. USDA Secretary Brooke Rollins dubbed Easter "the Super Bowl of eggs" and reiterated that it may take a while longer for the price of eggs consumers pay to tip downward and balance with the wholesale market. In 2024, Americans spent roughly $45 million on eggs for Easter.
University of Arkansas agricultural economist Jada Thompson "said the wholesale prices did not start dropping until mid-March, so there may not have been enough time for the average price for the month to decline," Funk and Durbin write. "And grocery stores may not have immediately passed on the lower prices."
Some areas of the country are seeing lower prices. Funk and Durbin explain, "At a Walmart in Richmond, California, a dozen eggs were $6.34. In Omaha, Nebraska, Walmart was selling eggs for $4.97 per dozen. California requires eggs sold to be cage-free; Nebraska doesn’t."
Myhometravels photo
In some areas of the country, Americans are getting creative with their Easter dyeing choices. "Videos on how to dye marshmallows, potatoes and even onions have begun to circulate on social media and news websites," reports Korsha Wilson of The New York Times. " For the first time in [this farm's] 40-year history of the hunt, the eggs laid on the green grass of the farm will be made of plastic, filled with a coupon for a free ride on their carousel."
SNAP changes restricting soda from purchases has soda makers worried. (Adobe Stock photo)
Food stamp recipients in two states may no longer be able to purchase soda or candy with their monthly Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP benefits. Soda makers have long fought against the restriction. "The Agriculture Department is fast-tracking state requests to yank soda and candy from food-stamp programs," report Laura Cooper, Kristina Peterson and Josh Dawsey of The Wall Street Journal. "Arkansas and Indiana are among the first in line." The changes would impact many rural residents who are often more likely receive SNAP benefits than their metro or urban counterparts.
Indiana and Arkansas said "they were seeking clearance from the USDA to implement the changes, and Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins said her agency would move 'very, very quickly' to approve them," the Journal reports. Rollins told the Journal, "That’s exactly the vision of making America healthy again. I am 100% certain that these changes will be nothing but positive for those underserved communities that are food challenged.”
If multiple states choose to adopt the restrictions, soda maker sales would take a dip. "Soda companies have lobbied hard against such changes," the Journal reports. "The Republican governors of West Virginia and Utah have said they plan to pursue similar restrictions in their food-aid programs."
Historically, SNAP recipients spend a fair amount of their food purchasing dollars on highly processed foods including soda. "About 23% of food stamp dollars go toward foods like sweetened beverages, candy, desserts and salty snacks − for an annual total of about $25 billion," report Calley Means and Tarren Bragdon in their opinion for USA Today. "These foods are proven to contribute to obesity and a slew of related health problems in children and adults."
Soda makers have tried to convince President Trump that restricting SNAP food and beverage purposes would anger many of his supporters, and "Trump himself, who also drinks Diet Coke from a wine glass for toasts, has been skeptical of banning things his supporters like," reportsThe Wall Street Journal. "Republicans have long been divided on the issue, with some uncomfortable over the idea of policing people’s purchases."
The Salvation Army is best known for its holiday bell ringers. (Adobe photo)
Managing up to 25,000 Christmas bell ringers isn't the only thing The Salvation Army does. The charity also runs addiction treatment facilities whose care is at the "center of a legal fight that could set a precedent for all Americans seeking treatment for opioid addiction using two common and effective medications, methadone and buprenorphine," reports Lev Facher of STAT News.
The Salvation Army addiction facilities prohibit participants from using methadone and buprenorphine, despite the fact the "two medications are widely used to treat addiction and are vastly safer than the drugs they are meant to replace, like heroin or fentanyl," Facher explains. The class-action suit alleges its plaintiffs were "denied access to addiction treatment services because of their use of the medications."
The two drugs form the only medical treatment shown to effectively help addiction sufferers stop using opioids. The drugs also prevent severe fentanyl withdrawal, which can be physically and mentally excruciating.
Methadone and buprenorphine are often viewed by many Americans as "little better than street drugs," Facher reports. "As STAT found in the investigative series "The War on Recovery," many recovery-focused groups — including The Salvation Army and other rehabilitation centers, as well as 12-step recovery organizations like Narcotics Anonymous — remain opposed to the medications’ use despite the overwhelming evidence of their medical benefit."
Officials with The Salvation Army did not respond to requests for comments, according to Facher.
Janet Herold, an attorney with the nonprofit Justice Catalyst Law, which sued The Salvation Army, told Facher, “The case has the potential to quite dramatically change the access situation for people with opioid use disorder." Facher adds, "The ongoing lawsuit, Herold said, could set a precedent that leads more treatment providers to offer the medications regardless of their ideological objections."
According to Facher's report, the "judge's ruling relies in part on the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, legislation that bars any group receiving federal financial assistance from discriminating against an individual solely on the basis of their disability."
Proposed USDA cuts are controversial. (Adobe Stock photo)
The Trump administration is inching closer to major cuts across U.S. Department of Agriculture staffing and programs as the administration continues its federal government downsizing efforts.
According to a White House document obtained by Government Executive, "the Office of Management and Budget proposing fiscal 2026 funding levels would gut research and conservation efforts, trim program budgets nearly across the board and cut staff . . .," reports Eric Katz.
The document is considered a "passback" or “predecisional,” and "assumes savings from upcoming layoffs at USDA," Katz explains.
Zachary Ducheneaux, who served as Farm Services Agency administrator for four years until January, "likened the Trump administration's approach to a beef cattle producer starving his cows to boost efficiency and then getting rid of them when those results, predictably, do not occur," Katz reports.
Ducheneauz told Katz, "In all of my travels in the last four years, I have never heard any single producer say, ‘We have too many damn staff in [USDA] offices and we hate them.'"
Planned cuts would eliminate two large food programs that feed "vulnerable populations abroad' with food grown by American farmers. Katz writes, "McGovern-Dole and Food for Peace grants, which are collectively allocating nearly $2 billion annually — would see their funding eliminated."
The Rural Utility Service programs that provide numerous services to rural communities, including "health care opportunities for rural residents and funding for reliable drinking water systems, sanitary sewage disposal and storm water drainage in rural areas would be decimated," Katz adds. "Asked about the cuts, Alexandra McCandless, an OMB spokesperson, said only that 'no final funding decisions have been made.'
Ronin the African giant pouched rat is one of more than 100 rats trained
by a Belgian nonprofit to sniff out deadly landmines. (Photo by
Guinness World Records via Smithsonian magazine)
If you think rats are just dirty rodents, think again. Meet Super Rat Ronin and his "landmine-sniffing rat pack who are making a name for rodents everywhere by saving innocent civilians from hidden explosives," reports Lex Harvey of CNN. "The African giant pouched rat recently set a new world record for the most landmines detected by a rat. Ronin's main handler, Phanny, told the Guinness publication, "Ronin’s achievements are a testament to the incredible potential of rats."
Two University of Wisconsin plant experts became the Nancy Drews of botany. Their goal was to help revive a near-dead heirloom red corn for a local distiller who wanted to use the unique seed to create new bourbon flavor. "It took some serious seed vault sleuthing, a deep dive into a germplasm bank, and a retread of historical breeding efforts, but the bounty of those efforts is now flowing from fine oaken barrels," reports Audra Koscik for UW Plant Sciences. The J. Henry & Sons bourbon distilled with red corn has a "distinct flavor and is higher in protein, fat, and oil content, trading efficiency for quality and flavor."
Modern skijoring riders use horses instead of skis. (The Daily Yonder photo)
It all began with Scandinavians, skis and reindeer, but it has branched
out into an annual contest in rural Leadville, Colorado, where
contestants use horses instead of reindeer and ski at speeds of up to 40 miles per
hour. "It’s called skijoring, and it’s nothing new," reports Jared Ewy for The Daily Yonder. "Leadville’s course features multiple
jumps and several rings. . . . Estimates say there are about 5000 people
in attendance. Leadville’s population is just over 2600." Skijoring
contestant, Stephanie Weber, told Ewy, "It’s high-speed, horse-powered
chaos."
Farmers aren't the only ones who could be spreading PFAS, also known as "forever chemicals," as they tend their crops. American gardeners and lawn-lovers who use sludge fertilizer might be unwittingly exposing themselves and their soil to PFAS. "Your plants might love fertilizers containing nutrient-rich sewage sludge, but treating your garden or lawn with these products could be exposing you to 'forever chemicals,'" reports Allyson Chiu of The Washington Post. To read the steps that will help consumers avoid PFAS fertilizers, click here.
Spring will bring calling cicadas. (Photo by Sagar Vasnani, Unsplash)
They're almost here and make no mistake, they will be noisy. "With spring will come warmer temperatures, flora in bloom -- and millions of screaming insects emerging from their resting place beneath the ground," reports Julia Jacobo of ABC News. "Three species of cicada that only emerge once every 17 years are gearing up to spring to the surface in droves. . . . States like Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee and North Carolina can expect to witness the emergence of Brood XIV this year. . . .Those who witness emergences can upload their accounts to Cicada Safari, a citizen science program that tracks cicada events."
When life gets too exhausting for this octopus, he gets a "Lyft" from another marine animal. "When she spotted the mako shark in the Hauraki Gulf off of New Zealand, Rochelle Constantine, a marine ecologist, was concerned. The animal had a curious orangey-brown mass perched on top of its head," reports Melissa Hobson of The New York Times. Constantine and her crew dangled a drone camera above the shark to uncover the orange mystery. Don’t stick your eight arms out so far, they may go home in another shark. (Video by Esther Stuck And Wednesday Davis, University Of Auckland) "An octopus was riding the shark. They nicknamed it the 'sharktopus' and said it was one of the strangest things they had ever seen in the ocean," Hobson writes. "The team identified the eight-armed commuter as a Maori octopus. The hefty cephalopods can stretch up to 6.5 feet and weigh around 26 pounds. They are the largest octopus in the Southern Hemisphere. Even riding a huge predator like the shark, a shortfin mako, this hitchhiker occupied a lot of room. . ."
Measles has no direct cure and can spread easily. (Photo by Kristine Wook, Unsplash)
The number of confirmed measles cases in the United States so far this year has reached 712, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
The resurgence of the virus is cause for concern as “it is preventable … and has been considered eliminated from the U.S. since 2000,” according to Devi Shastri in an article for the Associated Press.
Measles is a viral infection that has no direct treatment. The illness can be indicated by a fever, runny nose, cough, watery eyes and a rash.
While Texas has the majority of cases at 505, there have been reports of measles in 25 states, according to the CDC.
“The multi-state outbreak confirms health experts’ fears that the virus will take hold in other U.S. communities with low vaccination rates and that the spread could stretch on for a year,” wrote Shastri.
According to Shastri's report, cases spread easily in communities with low vaccination rates and that the best way to avoid measles is to get vaccinated.
Even though the disease doesn’t have a direct cure, the article explains that most children do recover. However, “infection can lead to dangerous complications such as pneumonia, blindness, brain swelling and death.”
So far, three people have died from measles this year, according to the CDC.
A farmer spreads pesticide on a field. (Adobe Stock photo)
Despite its long run as many farmers' first choice for an effective weedkiller, Roundup's time on the market may be almost over. "Pharmaceutical and agriculture conglomerate Bayer said it could stop producing the world’s most popular weedkiller, unless it gets court protection against lawsuits blaming the herbicide for causing cancer," reports Patrick Thomas of The Wall Street Journal.
Roundup was patented by agriculture and science research giant Monsanto in 1971, and the company began marketing the glyphosate-based herbicide in 1974. Over time, Roundup made billions of dollars in sales for Monsanto and later for Bayer, which acquired Monsanto in 2018. Thomas writes, "Bayer currently produces about 40% of the world’s glyphosate, which farmers spray across fields to tame crop-threatening weeds."
Over the past 10 years, Roundup has had strong U.S. sales; however, Bayer is now drowning in "waves of litigation," Thomas explains. The suits caused Bayer's stock price to plunge and cost the company roughly "$10 billion in payouts to plaintiffs. In early March, Bayer told farmers, suppliers and retailers that it may stop selling Roundup, which would leave U.S. farmers reliant on imported glyphosate from China."
While some Americans may question the use of glyphosates, American farmers depend on it. "American farmers apply almost 300 million pounds of glyphosate, the main ingredient in Roundup, to their fields each year," Thomas reports. Stu Swanson, who is president of the Iowa Corn Growers Association, told Thomas, “Roundup [glyphosate] helps us produce in an economic way and for products we raise to be cheaper.”
Given production costs and lawsuits, producing Roundup is no longer profitable for Bayer. Some state legislatures are "discussing Bayer-supported bills that would protect pesticide companies from claims that they failed to warn that their product allegedly causes cancer if their product labels have been approved by the EPA without such designation," Thomas explains. "Plaintiffs’ attorneys have vowed legal challenges to such laws, if passed."
If Bayer stops producing Roundup, it's unlikely that another company would be willing to replace it and accept the product's ongoing and future liability.
BMW employs 11,000 people at its 8 million square- foot campus in Spartanburg, S.C. (BMW photo)
Upstate South Carolina was once known as the country's textile hub until the 1990s when "automation and cheaper labor overseas took the industry away from the state," reports Eduardo Medina of The New York Times. President Trump's new tariffs aim to revive the industry, but some people who used to work at the old mills don't know why anyone would want to bring that work back because of the low wages and often unpleasant working conditions. Much of the region has new industrial partners that have improved the overall quality of living for many residents.
Adolphus Jones worked at a mill in the small town of Union, S.C. Medina writes, "Jones, now 71 and retired, scoffed at President Trump’s vision of an American manufacturing revival through tariffs. The mill work had paid little, Jones recalled, and upward mobility was nonexistent." Jones told him, “The textile industry is dead. Why would you want to bring it back here? Truthfully, why would the younger generation want to work there?”
The Trump administration's push to bring back an industry few residents miss represents a mismatch between current economic realities and the limits of what tariffs can accomplish. "Today, companies like BMW and Michelin — from Germany and France — are the economic engines of the region," Medina explains. "Now, leaders say that waging a trade war could undermine future recruitment of international investments and risk losing the jobs that are already in the region."
BMW alone "has invested more than $14.8 billion into its South Carolina operations" and has created "most than 11,000 jobs." BMW's suppliers have created thousands of additional jobs in the region.
So, local residents were baffled "when the White House’s top trade adviser, Peter Navarro, attacked BMW’s manufacturing process in an interview . . .," Medina reports. "He told CNBC that 'this business model where BMW and Mercedes come into Spartanburg, S.C., and have us assemble German engines and Austrian transmissions — that doesn’t work for America. It’s bad for our economics.'"
Even in Union, a rural area with 8,000 residents, a recovery from textile's downfall has slowly evolved. Medina writes, "Union County has successfully recruited renewable power companies, bioscience and medical employers, and a Dollar General distribution center that employs nearly a thousand people."
Some Union residents think a more modern mill might further improve Union's economy. Leroy Spencer, a retiree in Union, told Medina, "If Trump can bring that back, it would be amazing, and I think the economy would pick up around here and get better." However, building new mills with automation and modern equipment would mean ordering machinery and supplies from overseas, which will likely face higher tariffs and thereby increase construction costs.
Jones sees the "whole tariff back and forth as baffling," Medina writes. "When he worked in a plant decades ago, he made tassels for graduation caps. Now, he says, more of Union’s next generation should be wearing those caps — not making them."
The provider tax helps most states fund their Medicaid programs. (Adobe Stock photo)
Congressional budget hawks could trim billions in federal Medicaid spending by restricting the use of a state tax on medical providers, reports Joseph Walker of The Wall Street Journal. "The levies can lead to higher federal spending on Medicaid."
The tax, which is commonly known as the "provider tax," is levied by states on hospitals, nursing homes and other facilities that provide medical care. When medical providers pay the provider tax, states funnel the payments into their Medicaid budgets. Because federal Medicaid dollars often match state dollars, the tax increases federal Medicaid costs.
If Congress ended the ability to use the provider tax to "finance Medicaid contributions entirely, it could save more than $600 billion over a decade," Walker explains. "That would go a long way toward achieving House Republicans’ plans to reduce federal spending by as much as $2 trillion to help offset the impact of extending President Trump’s income-tax cuts."
But the change could prove devastating for medical providers and Medicaid recipients. Walker reports, "Hospitals often tend to get back more in payments than they shelled out for the original tax, which shores up their ability to care for Medicaid patients. . . . Nearly every state uses provider taxes to raise money to finance their Medicaid health insurance programs for low-income people and the disabled."
Republican budget cutters have "turned the provider taxes into a prime target.. [They say] states are gaming the system to artificially boost their Medicaid contributions and enrich politically powerful hospitals," Walker adds. "Defenders say cash-starved hospitals need the extra payments financed by provider taxes, because Medicaid reimbursement isn’t enough to cover costs."
President Trump promised during a February interview that there will be no cuts to Medicaid. Some lawmakers see the elimination of the provider tax as a possible go-around to cut Medicaid spending by more indirect means.
Medicaid decisions matter for small-town America where in 2023, 40.6% of children were enrolled in Medicaid/CHIP
compared to 38.2% in metro areas. Any reductions would
also hurt rural non-elderly adults covered by Medicaid.
Trinity Alps office building in Weaverville, California, pop. 3,667. (Trinity Alps Unified School District photo via The Daily Yonder)
A lack of support for the 20-year-old Secure Rural Schools and Community Self-Determination Act program has rural schools in 41 states preparing for a possible loss of vital funding. Leaders of those rural schools are advocating for a renewal of funding and a better plan for more secure funding in the future.
"The law was up for re-authorization in 2024 but died last December without a vote from the House of Representatives," report Claire Carlson and Lane Wendell Fischer of The Daily Yonder. "The Senate had already voted unanimously to approve it."
The federal program provides money to counties that include National Forest land. "Because public land cannot be used or taxed for local interests, the SRS program offsets this loss of local revenue by allocating federal funds to support essential community infrastructure like roads and schools," Carlson and Fischer explain. "SRS requires regular re-authorization, typically every three years, and is often accompanied by reductions in funding."
In 2016, SRS funding wasn't approved in time, and schools missed a year of needed funding. The same thing may happen in 2025. Jamie Green, superintendent of Trinity Alps Unified School District in rural Trinity County, California, told the Yonder, “This every three-year thing, it’s brutal. Absolutely brutal.”
In 2023, Trinity Alps was allotted $600,000 from SRS. "These funds accounted for 5% of the district’s budget and were essential in paying for teachers, programming, and maintenance work," the Yonder reports. "With no clear path toward re-authorization, Green’s current goal is to do what he can to cushion Trinity Alps for the looming shortfall."
With the ongoing potential for funding gaps or reductions within the program, advocates want a longer-term solution. Mark Haggerty, a senior fellow at the independent nonprofit research institute Center for American Progress, favors establishing a trust. He told the Yonder, "A trust makes sure that communities have the resources they need. . . . It’s not asking the taxpayers for permanent appropriations, and it’s not adding to the debt. But it gives counties and schools predictable payments that they can rely on."
To read about obstacles a trust faces, click here.
Chinese President Xi Jinping and U.S. President Donald Trump (Photo by T. Peter-Pool, Getty Images via The Conversation)
In the trade war between the U.S. and China, China may have some key advantages to stymie U.S. businesses -- including farmers -- while developing new trading partners. "The two economies are now locked in an all-out, high-intensity trade standoff," writes Linggong Kong for The Conversation. "As an expert on U.S.-China relations, I wouldn’t expect China to [back down]. Unlike the first U.S.-China trade war, when Beijing eagerly sought to negotiate with the U.S., China now holds far more leverage."
Dynamic shifts in China since 2018 make this round of tariffs different. "The importance of the U.S. market to China’s export-driven economy has declined significantly," Kong explains. "At the start of the first trade war, U.S.-bound exports accounted for 19.8% of China’s total exports. In 2023, that figure had fallen to 12.8%."
Overall, the U.S. is more dependent on Chinese goods. "By 2022, the U.S. relied on China for 532 key product categories – nearly four times the level in 2000 – while China’s reliance on U.S. products was cut by half in the same period," Kong writes. "Beijing believes Trump’s tariffs risk pushing the previously strong U.S. economy toward a recession."
China has a set of retaliation tools to use against the U.S. that the U.S. does not hold over China. Kong adds, "It dominates the global rare earth supply chain – critical to military and high-tech industries – supplying roughly 72% of U.S. rare earth imports."
Beyond financial targets, China is using the U.S. trade policies as an opportunity to rebuild its stressed trade relations in Asia and Europe. "After Trump had first raised tariffs on Beijing – China, Japan and South Korea hosted their first economic dialogue in five years and pledged to advance a trilateral free trade agreement," Kong writes. "On April 8, the president of the European Commission held a call with China’s premier, during which both sides jointly condemned U.S. trade protectionism and advocated for free and open trade."
Despite the harm Trump’s tariffs will "inevitably do to parts of the Chinese economy, Beijing appears to have far more cards to play this time around," Kong explains. "It has the tools to inflict meaningful damage on U.S. interests – and perhaps more importantly, Trump’s all-out tariff war is providing China with a rare and unprecedented strategic opportunity."
Roughly 500,000 undocumented workers fill labor positions on American farms. (Photo via Progressive Farmer)
Since President Trump took office, many farmers have worried about the deportation of valuable, but undocumented, farm workers. Discussions yesterday suggest a go-around could be in the works. "Trump suggested a new program will be set up to help legalize farm workers and reduce the risk of farmers losing undocumented workers to mass deportations," reports Chris Clayton of Progressive Farmer.
Trump floated the idea during a Cabinet meeting, marking the first time he has shown "willingness to temper his mass deportation plans to help protect the labor pool for industries such as agriculture," Clayton writes. "Undocumented workers will be given a chance to self-deport and return to the country legally, Trump said. That should be an incentive for people in the country illegally to identify themselves under the Alien Registration Act with U.S. Customs and Border Patrol."
The plan would allow farm workers who register to "remain working on a farm -- at least for a temporary period," Clayton explains. "The president told Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins in the Cabinet meeting that her department would work with farmers to help verify worker status on farms."
Trump explained the process at the meeting, saying, "A farmer will come in with a letter concerning certain people saying they're great, they're working hard. We're going to slow down a little bit for them, and then we're going to ultimately bring them back. They'll go out, they're going to come back as legal workers, OK?"
Zippy Duvall, president of the American Farm Bureau Federation, responded to Trump's comments, saying: "We heard President Trump's comments about farm labor during his cabinet meeting. We thank the president for recognizing the importance of farmworkers and for considering the impact of the labor crisis in agriculture. We look forward to learning about the specifics of his plan. Every American is dependent on these workers to keep their families fed and pantries full."
The mass employment of migrant farmworkers by American farmers is real. Clayton adds, "A USDA Farm Labor Survey pegged the percentage of undocumented agricultural workers at around 42%, or roughly 500,000 people, working in crops. . . . To fill the void of assuring they have legal labor, farmers' H-2A programs have grown in recent years and now fill more than 384,000 job positions."
Cotton has lost market share relative to man-made fibers.
(National Cotton Council graph via Farm Journal)
A sour market and steep input prices may put some U.S. cotton farmers out of business. "Cheap cotton prices and dwindling demand are just part of the problem," reports Tyne Morgan of Farm Journal. "Input costs have climbed and there’s no safety net to be found from a new farm bill."
In decades past, farmers would often choose cotton over food production crops, but overall changes have made the crop an unprofitable investment. "With cotton prices falling below farmers’ breakeven, that crop is causing financial pain to even grow," Morgan explains. Franz Rowland, who grows cotton in Boston, Ga., told him, “There’s no farm bill to support us, and the reference price is so low that it’s not anything that we can depend on."
While cotton is a dependable crop, it's expensive to produce and harvest. "Cotton is a high input crop that requires a heavy dose of fertilizer and intensive pest and weed management," Morgan adds. "But in addition to that, today’s cotton farmers are dealing with the rising cost of equipment." A used cotton picker can cost around $585,000, but a new one retails for roughly $1 million.
The outlook for 2025 cotton crops is negative. The president and CEO of National Cotton Council, Gary Adams, told Morgan, "We’ve gone beyond just losing money now that we’re to the point of losing the farm. Unfortunately, where the industry is, that’s what it looks like as we’re going into 2025." Morgan adds, "There’s a lot to unpack in explaining why cotton prices are so low, but the biggest reason is dwindling demand."
Cotton's biggest competitor is man-made fibers such as polyester. "At the same time, big cotton producers, such as Brazil and Australia, are staring at big crops, which is helping global competition for the smaller market that’s left," Morgan reports. "China is still a larger buyer of U.S. cotton."
For now, U.S. cotton farmers are pushing for a 2025 Farm Bill that offers support. Adams told Morgan, “I just can’t state this strongly enough: We have to have a farm bill done by Congress this year that applies to the 2025 crop."
Part of Oroville Dam broke allowing water to the right of main spillway to flow downstream. (Wikipedia photo)
The Trump administration fired the entire National Dam Safety Review Board, which provided federal oversight to ensure U.S. dams remain structurally sound and functional. Without key employees to inspect, maintain and run dams, they could pose a risk to surrounding lands and communities.
"When a major dam fails, people’s lives could be lost and property destroyed, writes Joseph A Davis for the Society of Environmental Journalists. "Right now the best hope many residents in harm’s way have for staying safe is watchdogging by environmental journalists."
Some dam details:
The 2017 Oroville Dam crisis is an example of what can happen when a dam is compromised.
The National Dam Safety Review Board is only one part of the federal dam safety program, which is administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
Most U.S. dams are privately owned and state-regulated.
Story ideas:
Take a look at the National Inventory of Dams and locate any “high hazard” dams in your state. What populated areas would their failure threaten?
Find out what condition those dams are in. This may be harder. When were they last inspected and what was their rated condition? Can you get the inspection report? Try your state engineer.
Do the high-hazard dams in your area have “emergency action plans?” Can you get a copy? Will the plan keep people safe? Who’s in charge of notification and evacuation?
Who regulates and inspects the dams in your area? Talk to your state engineer.
Are any of your area’s dams in line to get federal money via the Inflation Reduction Act, Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, etc.? Is it being held up?
Reporting resources:
U.S. Society on Dams: A professional organization, nonprofit and nongovernmental, that shares knowledge about engineering. Association of State Dam Safety Officials: A good access point to the many state-level officials, often engineers, who work on the problem of dam safety. American Society of Civil Engineers: A professional organization of engineers working on all kinds of civil works, including dams. Interagency Committee on Dam Safety: ICODS is “the permanent forum for the coordination of federal activities in dam safety and security.”
Last year most U.S. shrimpers lost money. (Adobe Stock photo)
Despite shrimp's jumbo appeal to U.S. consumers, American shrimpers have struggled to compete with imported, farmed shrimp. Tariffs and renewed trade negotiations with foreign shrimp importers may help revive American shrimping.
As this week began, shrimpers in tiny Bayou La Batre, Alabama, celebrated President Trump’s new round of tariffs, which "included countries that export most of shrimp Americans consume," reports Rachel Wolfe of The Wall Street Journal. "That included rates of around 26% on India, 10% on Ecuador, 32% on Indonesia and 46% on Vietnam. . . . More than 90% of the millions of pounds of shrimp consumed annually in the U.S. is imported."
The decline of U.S. shrimping came bit by bit as more imported shrimp entered the U.S. market. "Fishermen unable to sell their shrimp to break even on gas, labor and supplies have had to tie up their boats," Wolfe explains. "Supply shops, seafood processors, marine technicians and others in the industry have suffered, too."
For small coastal communities like Bayou La Batre, the loss of shrimping incomes has "cratered" local economics. Wolfe reports, "Income and sales-tax revenue in Bayou La Batre plummeted around 40% between 2021 and 2024 alone, according to Mayor Henry D. Barnes." Barnes told her, "People were looking to me for answers, and I didn’t have them. The city can’t put tariffs on foreign seafood.”
Over the past 20 years, the wholesale price of shrimp in the U.S. declined, but American shrimpers were still able to eke out a small profit. "In 2021, that changed as import prices dropped sharply, making it much more difficult for domestic shrimpers to turn a profit," Wolfe explains. "In 2023, domestic shrimpers operated at a net 3.7% loss on average."
Although the tariffs may help some shrimpers clear profits again, U.S. levies on marine goods could present new challenges. "Shrimpers rely on imports for a lot of their supplies," Wolfe explains. "Jeremy Zirlott, a commercial shrimper from Bayou La Batre, buys some of the webbing for his nets from India — which runs around $22,000 each year for each of his boats."
Even as Trump set a 90-day pause on the sweeping tariffs, the Southern
Shrimp Alliance's response was positive. SSA Executive Director John
Williams, echoed the hope
some smaller coastal towns now have: "It is encouraging that the Trump
Administration’s tariffs have prompted countries to show a new
willingness to address trade policies disadvantaging American producers."
Southern Henry Ambulance Service’s new hub is a barn in Knightstown. (Photo by Grayson Joslin, Indiana Capital Chronicle)
The safety net local Emergency Medical Services provides to rural communities has been faltering, leaving some areas without an EMS team to respond to urgent calls. The shortage has some areas creating their own EMS solutions.
Residents of Knightstown, Indiana, have lived without an ambulance service since January 2023, when the regional ambulance service closed due to financial losses and a lack of volunteers. "The town, situated in the southern portion of Henry County, is 25 minutes away from the county seat, New Castle, which has their own EMS services and hospital," reports Grayson Joslin of the Indiana Capital Chronicle. "But sometimes the New Castle EMS may have other calls to answer, so it could be anywhere from 45 minutes to an hour for EMS to get to Knightstown."
Knightstown resident and EMT volunteer Kevin Richey decided to explore how Knightstown might develop its own EMS service. Joslin writes, "Richey asked around the Knightstown community to see if there would be support to create a new nonprofit from scratch for providing EMS resources. . . . Southern Henry Ambulance Service was approved as a 501(c)3 nonprofit in early 2023, and started a fundraising effort across Knightstown and on GoFundMe to get the service off of the ground."
Just east of Henry County lies Fayetteville County, Indiana, where over half of the population lives in a rural area. The county has its own ambulance service, but still struggles to meet its call volume. "The county lost its only hospital in 2019," Joslin explains. "This has put an additional strain on its existing EMS operations. Runs that used to take two to three minutes to make now take about 30 to 35 minutes."
Increasing local taxes proved to be a solution to some of Fayetteville's staffing problems. "In 2024, both the Connersville City Council and the Fayette County Council approved a 0.25% public safety tax on income to go toward providing more funds to the county’s various public safety services," Joslin reports. "Fayette County EMS chief Clint Hardin said the funding from the tax allowed him to give his employees a $5,000 raise."
While tax increases are often unpopular, they can finance local needs that most residents support. Hardin told Joslin, "What people kinda lose sight of is property taxes is the only tax that we pay that is 99% local. That funds police, fire, EMS, your streets, your parks, your libraries, your schools. You get to see the benefit of your tax dollars.”
The Uncompahgre Plateau includes about 2,290 square miles in five counties: Delta, Mesa, Montrose, Ouray, and San Migue. The San Juan Mountains stand in the background. (PeakVisor photo)
When nearly 200 cows don't come home, ranchers expect to find evidence that points to what became of their cattle. That just isn't the case in Montrose County, Colorado, where 187 cows disappeared without a trace and a comprehensive investigation yielded only more mystery.
A week before Thanksgiving 2024, the first losses were tallied: "Twenty-nine cows and calves, a rancher told a state agriculture official, hadn’t come home," reports Karin Brulliard of The Washington Post. "One week later, three more reports from three other owners: 46, 38 and 31 head of cattle, all gone. Three days after that, rancher Kelly Burch also alerted authorities. She had counted her herd and come up 43 animals short."
All of the missing cows spent the summer grazing on the Uncompahgre Plateau, "rugged country where some animals always fall victim to predators, illness or weather," Brulliard writes. "But never this many and not without leaving lots of carcasses behind. Also unusual: The vast majority were calves."
Location of Montrose County in Colorado. (Wikipedia map)
With the demand for U.S. beef at near-record highs, Colorado law enforcement first theorized that the missing bovines were taken by rustlers. Chuck Searcy, who is leading the Montrose County Sheriff’s investigation, "spent the winter fielding tips about suspicious characters and even theories about alien abduction," Brulliard reports. "He is convinced it’s at least partially a theft case."
The state and county responded to threat of rustlers with a rigorous investigation
"involving sheriffs, a multiagency task force, search planes, a $10,000
reward and a bull rider turned cowboy who has scouted the area on
horseback," Brulliard adds.
But the cow rustling theory has holes. "No semitrailer could reach the
hardscrabble, unpaved altitude where these cattle were spread, the kind
of range even experienced ranch hands don’t know by heart," Brulliard explains. "Typically, mother cows separated from their calves would show
distress. A mass die-off, perhaps from poison weed, would produce
bodies."
Whatever the cause, the missing cows "raised alarm at sale barns across Colorado. At one of the busiest, Centennial Livestock Auction in Fort Collins, the brands of the missing cattle are posted on the bulletin board of inspector Jesse Phillips’s office," Brulliard reports. "In the meantime, the case got a break of sorts. Tony Mendes, a former pro bull rider, found 17 of the missing cattle. . ." still out in the grazing area.
Most cyberattacks in rural hospitals are due to human error. (Photo by the National Cancer Institute, Unsplash)
Cyberattacks are targeted at rural hospitals due to their lack of resources, old computers and a high probability of human error.
Liz Carey at the Daily Yonderreported that, according to a Microsoft study, cyberattacks are a real threat to rural hospitals. “In 2022, 44 attacks in Texas exposed nearly 6 million patient records.”
In an interview with the Daily Yonder, Alan Morgan, president and CEO of the National Rural Health Association, addressed the issue of cybersecurity costs.
“It is important to note that large, well-financed national health systems have to date failed to prevent cyber-attacks on their organizations, so for a small rural hospital, with far fewer resources, the issue is even more daunting.”
Microsoft’s Cybersecurity for Rural Hospitals Program is providing more than 550 participating rural hospitals in America with free cybersecurity assessments, training and discounts on security products.
“Officials with Microsoft said the goal of the cybersecurity program is to address not only immediate risks facing the hospitals, but to encourage broader systemic challenges as well,” Carey wrote.
The U.S. dairy industry says the new reciprocal tariffs announced by President Trump could end in a "net positive" for the sector, reports Rhonda Brooks of Dairy Herd Management.
Gregg Doud, President and CEO of the National Milk Producers Federation, issued a statement supporting the tariffs: "'Tariffs can be a useful tool for negotiating fairer terms of trade. . . .We are glad to see the administration focusing on long-time barriers to trade that the European Union and India have imposed on our exports. If Europe retaliates against the United States, we encourage the administration to respond strongly by raising tariffs on European cheeses and butter. We also appreciate the president’s recognition of the sizable barriers facing U.S. dairy exports into the Canadian market.”
Krysta Harden, president and CEO of the U.S. Dairy Export Council, "gave added perspective on the new tariffs being rolled out, " Brooks adds. Harden said, "A firm hand and decisive approach to driving changes is most needed with the European Union and India to correct their distortive trade policies and mistreatment of American agriculture."
A partial list of the countries and their tariff percentages to be levied include:
China - 34%
European Union - 20%
Vietnam - 46%
Taiwan - 32%
Japan - 24%
India - 26%
South Korea - 25%
Thailand - 36%
Switzerland - 31%
Indonesia - 32%
Grain and soybean farmers have a gloomier outlook on how the tariffs might alter their market share and future income. "During the 2018 trade war with China, U.S. agriculture experienced more than $27 billion in losses, according to the American Soybean Association," Brooks adds. "The association says the U.S. has yet to fully recover its former market share of soybean exports to China, the world’s No. 1 buyer of the commodity."
North Dakota farmer and rancher Chase Dewitz weighed in on the "pain" the new tariffs will cause agribusiness stakeholders. He told Brooks, "Everyone says, ‘this needs to be fixed,’ and then on the backside they say, ‘as long as it doesn’t affect me.' Well, it’s going to affect everybody.”
Hills Creek Valley in Oakridge, Ore. EPA funds were earmarked for wildfire smoke management. (Adobe Stock photo)
The Environmental Protection Agency cut $1.5 billion in DEI and Environmental Justice grants intended to help rural western communities combat ongoing extreme weather such as flooding, smog, drought and melting permafrost. Joshua Partlow and Amudalat Ajasa of The Washington Post report, "Residents and local organizations in these communities say the funding cuts undermine what little defense there is against growing climate threats."
The EPA initiated the cuts after President Trump "issued an executive order calling for federal grants to be terminated if they provide funding for programs that 'promote or take part in diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives' or 'environmental justice initiatives,'" Partlow and Ajasa explain. "The recipients include nonprofit organizations, Native American tribes, cities, counties and universities across the country."
Each community planned to use the funds to address a unique set of environmental challenges. Some Alaskan villages sought funding to deal with ongoing coastal flooding brought on by melting permafrost, while Native American tribes needed dollars to address pollution, and mountain towns in the Pacific Northwest looked to use the money to assist with wildfire smoke problems. The lost support means all of these regions will have fewer resources to plan for and work through climate events.
Sarah Altemus-Pope, executive director of South Willamette Solutions, a nonprofit that helps communities with forest management, told the Post, "These were dollars that were going to really make a difference to people who are financially without the means to do this work to protect their health."
South Willamette Solutions held part of a $1 million EPA grant that would have helped seal homes against wildfire smoke in tiny Oakridge, Oregon, but the grant money was terminated. The Post reports, "The money, stemming from the Inflation Reduction Act, was intended for work on about 30 homes. The work included installing grates on attic vents to keep embers out and sealing doors and windows to keep out smoke."
Tornadoes tore through parts of the South and Midwest. (Adobe Stock photo)
As storm after storm hammered the Midwest and South with torrential rain and flash floods over the weekend, thousands of Americans now face homes, businesses, roads and bridges that are destroyed or underwater. "The storm is expected to move out to sea by Tuesday, leaving behind enough fallen rain to keep rivers and streams swelling for days to come," reports Patrick J. Lyons of The New York Times.
Continuous rainfall left areas unable to manage the extreme runoff. "The area around Benton, in western Kentucky, recorded more than 15 inches of rain from Tuesday morning to Sunday afternoon, according to the National Weather Service," Lyons writes. Marlene Lenthang and Kathryn Prociv of NBC News report, "Meanwhile, in Dawson Springs, Kentucky, rising waters reached a substation, causing authorities to cut power."
Much of the damage "has been caused by floodwaters that overtopped riverbanks and levees, surged through streets and inundated the basements and ground floors of buildings," Lyons reports. "Some streams and rivers were not expected to crest for several more days. Stranded residents were rescued across the region."
The storm system spawned dozens of tornadoes, which stretched across southern Arkansas all the way into northern Indiana. Lyons writes, "There were so many reports of tornadoes that some Weather Service offices delayed confirming them. . . . At least 23 deaths had been attributed to the storm system as of Sunday evening."
BRIC grants helped communities of all sizes prepare for natural disasters. (Adobe Stock photo)
Despite the ongoing reality of extreme weather hitting communities around the U.S., the Federal Emergency Management Agency plans to end its Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities program.
"In an internal FEMA memorandum, the Trump administration announced its plans to dismantle that program — the biggest climate adaptation initiative the federal government has ever funded — even as disasters incur hundreds of billions of dollars worth of damages across the United States," report Zoya Teirstein and Jake Bittle of Grist. The billions of dollars BRIC grants provided were used to help cities, counties and states prepare for natural disasters before they strike.
BRIC was created in 2018, during Donald Trump's first term and its first round of funding was "launched in 2020, when Trump was still in office, and in 2023, the program awarded close to a billion dollars to scores of communities, states, and tribal nations across the country," Grist reports. "In January, before Trump began his second term, the agency opened its fiscal year 2024 notice of funding, with $750 million in matching grants made available to applicants from areas that received a major disaster declaration within the past seven years."
Commenting on BRIC's failure to meet the program's objectives, a FEMA spokesperson told Grist, "BRIC was yet another example of a wasteful and ineffective FEMA program. It was more concerned with climate change than helping Americans affected by natural disasters.”
BRIC's focus "on equity is what may have marked it for demolition — the Trump administration has been systematically dismantling Biden-era efforts to infuse equity into governmental programs and direct more climate spending toward underrepresented groups," Teirstein and Bittle explain.
From building culverts to protecting substations from flooding, the popular program helped communities complete practical but often expensive disaster preparation projects. Teirstein and Bittle write, "In fiscal year 2023, FEMA received more than 1,200 subapplications across all 50 states, 35 tribes, five territories, and Washington, D.C., totaling more than $5.6 billion in requests. It was able to provide less than a fifth of the money requested."
It's uncertain if current grants can be lawfully terminated. "A looming question is whether FEMA can yank grants that are being funded with money appropriated by Congress," Grist reports. "The 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, also known as the bipartisan infrastructure law, allocated approximately $6.8 billion to FEMA for community-wide mitigation efforts, with a portion of this funding directed to the BRIC program."
The Nutty Cruiser is sharing joy and almonds as it tours the U.S. (Blue Diamond photo via Atlas Obscura)
You're driving down a lonesome stretch of American highway and there you see one of the wackiest rides ever made. It's Blue Diamond's “Nutty Cruiser” taking a road trip that celebrates everything about almonds. "This spring, a new giant food-shaped vehicle has rolled out of the shop," reports Anne Ewbank for Atlas Obscura. "The Nutty Cruiser, by the way, is a 20-foot-long almond on wheels." The Nutty Cruiser will be rolling down streets on this schedule. While you're at it, here's the Oscar Mayer Wienermobile travel schedule and the The Big Idaho Potato Truck travel plans.
The price of beef keeps climbing and meatpackers are doubling down to make sure nothing gets wasted. "U.S. meat companies are embracing 'white bone' programs, aiming to pick every carcass clean as they move down processing lines," reports Patrick Thomas of The Wall Street Journal. "America’s cattle supply is at its lowest level since 1951. . . . That has helped push cattle markets in Chicago to a record high in January, almost 20% higher than they were two years ago."
The late Imelda Gorman knew how to show up for her neighbors. (Photo via Hoptown Chronicle)
One of the best things we can do for each other is to be present during good times and bad. In her Hoptown Chronicleessay, Jennifer P. Brown shares an inspirational glimpse of the late Imelda Gorman, a woman who excelled at the simple act of being there for others. "Imelda’s willingness to show up was the quality that I most admired in her. Over and over, she was present for her friends and for her community in small everyday moments and in big milestone events. . . . . Imelda made many of us feel like we were part of her family. She left us with an important lesson. It’s simple. Show up."
Roy Pfaltzgraff tossed conventional agriculture practices out his tractor window years ago. His non-conformist row crop operation "is set to push even further to the blade’s edge," reports Chris Bennett of Farm Journal. "In 2025, Pfaltzgraff intends to begin installation of a full-time,
on-farm education center. Annually, he has six to eight research
projects across his operation." Pfaltzgraff told Bennett, "We’re going to build an online community, Seeding Circles, that teaches farmers where and how to find markets and brings buyers to growers. I want to show people a way to recruit food companies and know what’s being asked for.”
Heirloom seeds can bring new joy and richness into any gardener's plot. "Heirloom seeds are fun to grow, but more importantly, these old cultivars play a role in global food security," reports Lisa Prater Foust of Successful Farming. "Seed Savers Exchange, based in Decorah, Iowa, is home to the largest non-government seed bank in the United States. Members and nonmembers of Seed Savers Exchange can participate in a seed swap program, and many varieties are available for purchase online at seedsavers.org."
As winter fades and spring emerges, all of nature begins to change. And while many people welcome the fleeting time when spring blooms all around, all changes come with some degree of tension. In her story for Hoard's Dairyman, Emily Barge reminds us to intentionally look for ways to reduce stress and increase enjoyment in daily life with these five steps:
Take a breather outdoors and make time for mindful moments.
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