Friday, May 13, 2016
Obama threatens to deny federal aid to schools refusing transgender students bathroom choice
The letter "does not have the force of law, but it contains an implicit threat: Schools that do not abide by the Obama administration’s interpretation of the law could face lawsuits or a loss of federal aid," , Julie Hirschfeld Davis and Matt Apuzzo report for The New York Times. "The move is certain to draw fresh criticism, particularly from Republicans, that the federal government is wading into local matters and imposing its own values on communities across the country that may not agree. It represents the latest example of the Obama administration using a combination of policies, lawsuits and public statements to change the civil rights landscape for gays, lesbians, bisexual and transgender people."
Texas Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick said the Lone Star state doesn't plan to comply, telling Noelle Walker of KXAS-TV or NBCDFW, "This will be the beginning of the end of the public school system as we know it... President Obama, in the dark of the night—without consulting Congress, without consulting educators, without consulting parents—decides to issue an executive order, like this superintendent, forcing transgender policies on schools and on parents who clearly don't want it." Patrick told other reporters that Texas, which gets $10 billion from the federal government for education, mostly for school meals, will find as much as money as possible to make up the loss of federal money. (Officially sanctioned prayer was taken out of schools, but not voluntary prayer.)
Attorney General Loretta E. Lynch said in the letter: “There is no room in our schools for discrimination of any kind, including discrimination against transgender students on the basis of their sex. This guidance gives administrators, teachers and parents the tools they need to protect transgender students from peer harassment and to identify and address unjust school policies. I look forward to continuing our work with the Department of Education—and with schools across the country—to create classroom environments that are safe, nurturing, and inclusive for all of our young people.”
Trump, with help of avid-sportsman son, is with the 'hook and bullet crowd,' energy lobbyist says
"The Trump campaign has pledged to nominate a hunter to lead the Fish and Wildlife Service, aggressively fight lawsuits by anti-hunting groups, make wildlife habitat more productive, and control predators like wolves that prey on game species like elk," Taylor writes. "Most notably, Trump in January broke from the GOP establishment by pledging to oppose efforts to transfer federal lands to states, gaining plaudits from sportsmen across the political spectrum who oppose the privatization of federal lands, fearing it would reduce places to hunt and fish."
Mike Schoby, editor of Petersen's Hunting, which endorsed Trump, wrote on Jan. 31: "It says he is smart. It says he realizes that 13 million hunters and 80 million gun owners represent a large voting block, one that will likely agree with his policies on hunting and protection of Second Amendment rights."
Taylor writes, "Yet some Republicans say Trump's public-lands platform is alienating potential allies, particularly those in Congress and industry who oppose the federal government's massive landholdings and believe states could better manage them for activities like drilling, mining and logging. By catering heavily to hunters and anglers, Trump may be shooting himself in the foot." Mike McKenna, a GOP strategist and energy lobbyist, told Taylor, "They have made the calculation that the hook-and-bullet crowd is the relevant demographic here, but the reality is the professional hook-and-bullet crowd is a small group compared to [those who care] about federal land management in the West. I can't think of a single issue other than this one where he's so far out over his skis."
Taylor writes, "Key questions remain over how Trump would manage the roughly 640 million acres under the control of the executive branch primarily through the Bureau of Land Management, the Forest Service, FWS and the National Park Service. Would Trump roll back Obama administration oil and gas leasing reforms designed to keep drilling farther from national parks and backcountry areas while tightening regulations on hydraulic fracturing? Would he dismantle Obama's sage grouse plan by loosening restrictions on drilling, mining and grazing? What kind of influence would Trump exert on Endangered Species Act decisions that can affect hunters and energy companies?"
Bill Clinton met by cheers, miners' boos as he tries to keep the No. 3 coal state in his wife's column
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| Bill Clinton spoke at Prestonsburg Elementary School. |
Clinton took booing miners in stride, telling them, in an apparent allusion to Donald Trump: “I’m not like a lot of people. You know, it doesn’t bother me to have protesters at rallies. I’m glad they come, because I think one of the biggest problems in America today is we seem to be less prejudiced about everything, except we don’t want to be around anybody that disagrees with us. Have you noticed that? And I think that’s a mistake. . . . You don’t have to agree with everything ... I believe, but I’m going to tell you we’re not going to get anywhere screaming at each other. ... What really matters is whether our children have a brighter future and whether we’ll be together or be torn apart.”
Clinton "talked about that economic revitalization plan supported by his wife and incentives that encouraged companies to create more jobs," Meadows writes. "He talked about the need to diversify the economy and pledged that if his wife is elected, he would volunteer to help the region, noting he grew up on a farm with no vehicle or toilet and stating that he understands what Eastern Kentucky is going through because he was governor of Arkansas when it faced tough economic times. He called for people to come together to work to find solutions."
Joe Gerth of The Courier-Journal reports that Clinton "talked about students at Morehead State University who are working on nano-technology satellites that are going up to the International Space Station. 'Don't tell me we can't bring different kinds of jobs to Eastern Kentucky,' he said. 'And don't tell me somebody over a certain age can't learn this stuff. I'm pleading with you to think about it. Think about your life, your children's lives, your grandchildren's lives,' Clinton said."
Quinoa getting so popular that it could become a big thing in California, No.1 agricultural state
"Chenopodium quinoa is not a grain, but a pseudo-cereal, an herbaceous annual that's a cousin to beets, chard and spinach and offers a balanced suite of 10 amino acids. Its leaves make a sweet pesto, but it's the seeds that land on consumers' plates," Mohan writes. "There are at least 120 varieties of quinoa, and plant scientists have sifted through most of them trying to figure out which can grow well outside the high and dry altiplano that sprawls across Peru and Bolivia." Quinoa has been grown in the U.S. in Colorado, the Pacific Northwest, Idaho, Northern California, and now in the heart of the Sonoran Desert in Southern California.
"Andean nations now export more than 40,000 tons of quinoa, valued at $111 million—a nearly 40-fold increase since 2002, according to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Program," Mohan writes. "More than half of that goes to the U.S." One concern among U.S. growers new to the product is that quinoa "is nearly identical to lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), an invasive weed that can be toxic to livestock and hosts a virus that can ruin alfalfa, which is planted on more acreage in Imperial Valley than any other crop, and ranks second in sales value only to the cattle that eat it." (Read more)
Big Candy's move away from GMO products hurts beet farmers, helps sugarcane industry
Michael McConnell, an economist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Economic Research Service, said beet sugar sells for 3 to 5 cents less than cane sugar on the spot market, Charles writes. "It means that buyers are paying 10 to 15 percent more for cane sugar. Meanwhile, the amount of beet sugar looking for buyers has been increasing, while there's a shortage of cane sugar. That shortage is bad enough that sugar users, such as candy companies, are asking the USDA to allow more imports of cane sugar to ease the shortage."
In 2015 Hershey Co., one of the top sugar users in the country, switched from using beet sugar to cane sugar, Charles writes. Deborah Arcoleo, the firm's director of product transparency, told Charles, "We started reformulating Hershey's Kisses, Hershey's milk chocolate, and Hershey's milk chocolate with almonds, to move from beet sugar to cane sugar, and that's complete. Now we're looking to do that across the rest of our portfolio, to the extent that we can."
EPA says its new methane-emissions rules for oil and gas industry could save more than they cost
The Environmental Protection Agency on Thursday released regulations that "require oil and gas companies to plug and capture leaks of methane from new and modified drilling wells and storage tanks, not older, existing wells," Coral Davenport reports for The New York Times. "EPA estimates that the rules will cost companies around $530 million in 2025, but it also estimates that they will yield companies savings of as much as $690 million from reduced waste, a potential net benefit of $160 million. The agency said the regulations would lower methane emissions by 510,000 tons in 2025, the equivalent of 11 million metric tons of carbon dioxide."
"The new methane rules are the latest part of a broader push by President Obama to cut greenhouse-gas emissions from industries across the economy," Davenport writes. "EPA regulations would cut carbon-dioxide emissions from cars, trucks and power plants, and new rules are in the works to reduce emissions from airplanes. Many of those regulations could face years of litigation before they can go into force."
EPA said the rules will help "cut methane emissions 40 to 45 percent below 2012 levels by 2025 and forms a key part of the U.S. plan to meet its Paris climate agreement pledge," Valerie Volcovici reports for Reuters. "The rule, first proposed last August, outlines safeguards for preventing the escape of methane from new and modified oil and natural gas infrastructure, the largest source of those emissions in the U.S. EPA also launched an 'Information Collection Request' that requires companies to provide details about their existing oil and gas facilities from autumn 2016 until early 2017. This is the first step toward regulating existing sources, which accounts for 90 percent of U.S. methane emissions."
Oil and gas industry groups have vowed to fight the regulations. Kyle Isakower, vice president for regulatory policy at the American Petroleum Institute, told Davenport, “It doesn’t make sense that the administration would add unreasonable and overly burdensome regulations when the industry is already leading the way in reducing emissions. Imposing a one-size-fits-all scheme on the industry could actually stifle innovation and discourage investments.”
"The new methane rules are the latest part of a broader push by President Obama to cut greenhouse-gas emissions from industries across the economy," Davenport writes. "EPA regulations would cut carbon-dioxide emissions from cars, trucks and power plants, and new rules are in the works to reduce emissions from airplanes. Many of those regulations could face years of litigation before they can go into force."
EPA said the rules will help "cut methane emissions 40 to 45 percent below 2012 levels by 2025 and forms a key part of the U.S. plan to meet its Paris climate agreement pledge," Valerie Volcovici reports for Reuters. "The rule, first proposed last August, outlines safeguards for preventing the escape of methane from new and modified oil and natural gas infrastructure, the largest source of those emissions in the U.S. EPA also launched an 'Information Collection Request' that requires companies to provide details about their existing oil and gas facilities from autumn 2016 until early 2017. This is the first step toward regulating existing sources, which accounts for 90 percent of U.S. methane emissions."
Oil and gas industry groups have vowed to fight the regulations. Kyle Isakower, vice president for regulatory policy at the American Petroleum Institute, told Davenport, “It doesn’t make sense that the administration would add unreasonable and overly burdensome regulations when the industry is already leading the way in reducing emissions. Imposing a one-size-fits-all scheme on the industry could actually stifle innovation and discourage investments.”
Thursday, May 12, 2016
Poultry-plant workers say they're denied bathroom breaks, forced to relieve selves at work stations
"Supervisors deny requests to use the bathroom because they are under pressure to maintain the speed of the processing line, and to keep up production," says the report. "Once a poultry plant roars to a start at the beginning of the day, it doesn’t stop until all the chickens are processed. Workers are reduced to pieces of the machine, little more than the body parts that hang, cut, trim, and load—rapidly and relentlessly."
A survey of 266 Alabama poultry workers by the Southern Poverty Law Center found that nearly 80 percent of said they are not allowed to take bathroom breaks when needed, says the report. Another survey, in Minnesota, revealed that 86 percent of workers said they get fewer than two bathroom breaks per week. Many workers said bathroom breaks are limited to five minutes and no sympathy is giving to pregnant or menstruating women.
"By law, companies are required to grant their employees access to bathrooms," with processing plants using a system where one worker swaps places for another one who needs a break, Roberto Ferdman reports for The Washington Post. "But the system is either flawed or being eschewed by supervisors, according to Oxfam. Workers reported waiting for more than an hour for someone to swap in, if anyone came at all."
Tyson and Perdue, the only companies to respond to requests from Oxfam, denied the accusations. Gary Mickelson, senior director of public relations for Tyson, told the Post in an email: "We're concerned about these anonymous claims and while we currently have no evidence they're true, are checking to make sure our position on restroom breaks is being followed and our team members' needs are being met."
Feds say fire that led to 2013 deadly explosion at Texas fertilizer plant was intentionally set
"The explosion left a crater 93 feet wide and 10 feet deep," Fernandez writes. "Ten of the 15 people killed were volunteer firefighters and other emergency workers; more than 260 others were injured. Of the town’s 700 homes, about 350 were affected, including 193 that were destroyed or severely damaged. Three schools, a nursing home and a 50-unit apartment complex were destroyed or heavily damaged."
"The type of agricultural chemical that set off the explosion—ammonium nitrate—was sold at the plant to farmers for use as a fertilizer," Fernandez writes. "In normal storage conditions, ammonium nitrate is difficult to ignite, but intense heat and other unusual conditions can cause it to detonate. It was used by Timothy J. McVeigh in the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995."
EPA today to unveil regulations to reduce methane emissions from oil and gas industry
The Environmental Protection Agency is expected today to unveil "a rule to target methane emissions from new or modified oil and gas facilities, the first regulations to tackle the greenhouse gas from the sector, two sources briefed on the matter said," Valerie Volcovici reports for Reuters. "The proposal is expected to require new and modified oil and gas processing and transmission facilities to find and repair methane leaks, capture natural gas from hydraulically fractured oil wells and limit emissions from pumps and other types of equipment."
"It will help achieve a broader Obama administration strategy to cut methane emissions 40 to 45 percent below 2012 levels by 2025, the EPA said, and forms a key part of its climate change strategy," Volcovici. "Cutting methane will also help the United States achieve the goal it pledged in the Paris climate change agreement to cut its greenhouse gas emissions up to 28 percent below 2005 levels by 2030." (Read more)
"It will help achieve a broader Obama administration strategy to cut methane emissions 40 to 45 percent below 2012 levels by 2025, the EPA said, and forms a key part of its climate change strategy," Volcovici. "Cutting methane will also help the United States achieve the goal it pledged in the Paris climate change agreement to cut its greenhouse gas emissions up to 28 percent below 2005 levels by 2030." (Read more)
Trump's promises to re-open shuttered coal mines will be next to impossible to fulfill, analysts say
That didn't stop Trump from telling West Virginia miners last week "to get ready to be 'working your asses off' in reopened mines if he's elected," Lehmann writes. "Trump told supporters, "I'm thinking about the miners all over this country. We're gonna put the miners back to work. We're gonna put the miners back to work. We're gonna get those mines open."
Easier said than done. "Chiza Vitta, an analyst with the credit rating service Standard & Poor's, sees two ways that Trump might try to fulfill his promise to reopen the mines," Lehmann writes. "The first is a protracted effort to turn back a number of environmental regulations, like the pending Clean Power Plan curbing greenhouse gases from power plants. Other regulations might also have to be targeted to achieve a widespread revival, including rules governing toxic air pollutants. Some Republican energy advisers see that as a politically tenuous exercise. The second scenario is more severe and even less likely, Vitta said. Trump could ask Congress to provide subsidies to the coal industry to make it more competitive with natural gas." Vita told Lehmann, "That seems to me a very, very low probability."
Environmentalist from coal country finds conflicts there and in college, wants to go back w/degree
As a teenager Funk became interested in climate change when she "found out the black dust she and her siblings played in as children wasn’t safe," Hersher and Heffernan write. Funk, who started talking more and more about sustainability, carbon emissions and the problems with energy companies, was contacted by Our Children's Trust, a national group "that works with young people to participate in lawsuits over climate change. They help young people sue the government on the grounds that children have a human right to a healthy environment when they grow up. Funk became a plaintiff in an Our Children’s Trust lawsuit against the state of Pennsylvania over its carbon emissions. If they won, Pennsylvania would be forced to limit those carbon emissions." Funk lost the case and said she was treated poorly in her hometown for opposing the industry that supported many residents.
Funk, who said she didn't feel like she belonged in Mount Pleasant anymore, left in the fall of 2012 to attend Wellesley College in Massachusetts, where she declared a major in environmental studies. There, she discovered the false impressions people had of her home, Hersher and Heffernan write. Her peers didn't understand how food stamps—something Funk's family relied on—worked, and they had limited knowledge of hydraulic fracturing; Funk's mom leased her family’s land to Chevron for fracking. Funk told told WBEZ, “I remember getting so frustrated. Either the professor or someone in class would say something completely wrong."
Hersher and Heffernan write, "After leaving Mount Pleasant, for what she thought was for good, Funk wants to go home. And it’s the issues that drove her away to begin with that are making her want to return to Mount Pleasant. Because she feels like that’s where there’s work to be done, where there’s a reckoning to be had over climate change, not in a place like Wellesley where everyone is removed, and for the most part agrees with each other. But instead, in a town where hills are made of coal debris and people need fracking dollars just to get by. Where the conversations about this are messy, and that’s the point. And so, nothing certain, but Funk’s plan is to double back. She’ll be able to pick up a lot of things where she left off, including her lawsuit. After the first one was tossed—there’s been some revisions. They’ve filed it again. Ashley Funk’s a plaintiff this time too."
Taking 'endangered' tag from Yellowstone-area grizzlies could damage the species, critics say
Environmentalists and Native Americans have been vocal critics of the U.S. government's plan "to lift Endangered Species Act protection of the grizzly bear in and around Yellowstone National Park," Laura Zuckerman reports for Reuters. "The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service formally proposed in March that grizzlies in the Yellowstone area—spanning parts of Wyoming, Montana and Idaho—be removed from the list of threatened species, citing data showing their numbers have rebounded to healthy levels." The public comment period for the proposal ended on Wednesday.
"Much of the discontent has focused on the prospect of grizzlies in the region becoming open to trophy hunting under state management plans put in place once federal safeguards are removed," Zuckerman writes. There are about 700 grizzly bears in the Yellowstone area, "up from as few as 136 bears when they were listed as threatened throughout the Lower 48 states in 1975, after decades of being hunted, trapped and poisoned to near-extinction."
"Sportsmen and ranchers, who wield considerable political clout in the region, point to growing bear-human conflicts as grizzlies expand their territories in search of food," Zuckerman writes. "Environmentalists argue grizzlies' recovery could falter if they are forced to contend with new pressures posed by hunting of the species outside the park. They caution that grizzlies already face a decline in a key food source, whitebark pine nuts, due to climate change."
"Much of the discontent has focused on the prospect of grizzlies in the region becoming open to trophy hunting under state management plans put in place once federal safeguards are removed," Zuckerman writes. There are about 700 grizzly bears in the Yellowstone area, "up from as few as 136 bears when they were listed as threatened throughout the Lower 48 states in 1975, after decades of being hunted, trapped and poisoned to near-extinction."
"Sportsmen and ranchers, who wield considerable political clout in the region, point to growing bear-human conflicts as grizzlies expand their territories in search of food," Zuckerman writes. "Environmentalists argue grizzlies' recovery could falter if they are forced to contend with new pressures posed by hunting of the species outside the park. They caution that grizzlies already face a decline in a key food source, whitebark pine nuts, due to climate change."
Farmer's creation turns almost any window air conditioner into a food storage machine
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| Photo by Ron Khosla |
Rural Mo. official's anti-gay remarks protected under First Amendment, says city attorney
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| Saint Robert, Mo. resident Daniel Kallman will perform in the June show |
The "city council adopted a social media policy several years ago which limits use of social media not only by city employees and volunteers but also by city elected officials," Maurina writes. "However, City Attorney Tyce Smith said the policy was not applicable to Johannsen’s comments and that 'personal opinion is one of the most highly protected rights of the United States.' In addition, Smith said Johannsen 'is an elected official who privately retains First Amendment rights' and that 'his public status is immune from punitive action for privately expressed opinions.'”
Smith wrote in a letter to George Lauritson, mayor of the town in south-central Missouri, neat Fort Leonard Wood: "The facts as I understand them are that Mr. Johannsen did not access social media with city provided resources. Mr. Johannsen provided a personal opinion outside of his role as a member of the St. Robert Board of Aldermen. The U.S. Supreme Court in Garcetti v Ceballos … outlines the First Amendment precedent allowing a public official, whether elected or otherwise, to express his private opinion outside of his official position. In this case, Mr. Johannsen clearly was stating a personal opinion. As such, that personal opinion is one of the most highly protected rights of the United States.”
Some news organizations have accused Maurina of using the newspaper to try to get the show cancelled, Danny Wicentowski reports for Riverfront Times in St. Louis. Maurina denies those allegations, but said he would like to see changes, writing in a Facebook post: "I regularly defend things I don't like. That's what free speech means. Nobody can stop this event, but it can be put in a location where it isn't near a children's athletic facility. It doesn't have to have the doors open at 6 p.m. with the show beginning at 8 p.m."
Wednesday, May 11, 2016
Honeybees lost 28% of population over winter; more beekeepers need to treat for mites
"For 2015-2016, the overall colony loss rate was 44 percent, which is also up from the previous two years, but scientists only started surveying summer deaths in 2010," Borenstein writes. Dennis vanEngelsdorp, an assistant professor of entomology at the University of Maryland, said "one problem is backyard beekeeper hobbyists who don't treat their bees for mites with pesticides, even organic ones. Their hives die and survivors full of mites head to new hives, spreading the problem." (Read more)
Americans twice as likely to get news through smartphones than newspapers, says study
Americans are twice as likely to access news through smartphones than newspapers, says a study commissioned by Nielsen and the Knight Foundation. Television remains the top source of news, but smartphones are second. Of the 144 million U.S. adults who own smartphones, 89 percent access news and information through the devices. "While mobile users only spend 5 percent of mobile time on news, on average, the time they do spend includes 'hard' news about current events and global news, as opposed to routine weather reports and other forms of 'soft' news." Since 2011 the number of adults who own smartphones has risen from 46 percent to 82 percent.
The study found that 70 percent of respondents get their news from television, 54 percent from social networking websites or apps, 43 percent from media websites or the radio, 34 percent from media apps and 27 percent from newspapers. Only magazines, at 16 percent, scored lower than newspapers. Young millennials (ages 18–24) are three or four times "more likely than typical online adults to go to news content from Instagram, Pinterest and Snapchat. African-Americans are 2.5 times more likely than typical online adults to go to news content from Twitter." (Knight graphic: sources used for news)
The study does suggest that growth of smartphone use for news is slowing, "suggesting a plateau might be near," Benjamin Mullin reports for Poynter. The growth of mobile apps, in particular, has slowed, with adoption rates mostly flat across the industry (with the exception of Flipboard). The stagnation of growth among news apps has come as users are spending an increasing amount of time on social media, according to the report. Mobile news seekers spend an average of 5 percent of their time on news every month. But 27 percent of their time is spent on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter. Nearly two-thirds of Facebook's users (70 percent) use Facebook for news every day" and "people who read about news on social media often talk about it in person."
The study does suggest that growth of smartphone use for news is slowing, "suggesting a plateau might be near," Benjamin Mullin reports for Poynter. The growth of mobile apps, in particular, has slowed, with adoption rates mostly flat across the industry (with the exception of Flipboard). The stagnation of growth among news apps has come as users are spending an increasing amount of time on social media, according to the report. Mobile news seekers spend an average of 5 percent of their time on news every month. But 27 percent of their time is spent on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter. Nearly two-thirds of Facebook's users (70 percent) use Facebook for news every day" and "people who read about news on social media often talk about it in person."
Fewer than 2% of U.S. farmers are African Americans, but numbers are steadily growing
While the number of farmers continues to decline, a rising number of African Americans are farming, Leah Penniman, a New York farmer and educator, writes for YES! Magazine. "These farmers are not just growing food, either. The ones you’ll meet here rely on survival strategies inherited from their ancestors, such as collectivism and commitment to social change. They infuse popular education, activism, and collective ownership into their work."
Overall, black farmers only make-up less than 2 percent of all farmers, a far cry from a century ago, when numbers were much higher, Penniman writes. She took a look at five African American individuals or groups that are making a living farming, including the Tuskegee United Leadership and Innovation Program (TULIP) in Alabama. "Members grow traditional African-American crops such as okra, corn, squash, watermelon, eggplants, cucumber, tomatoes, peppers, and a special variety of purple sweet potato bred by George Washington Carver, a renowned black agriculturalist. They supply three local grocery stores and two restaurants, and train their neighbors to start their own home gardens." (Yes! graphic)
Overall, black farmers only make-up less than 2 percent of all farmers, a far cry from a century ago, when numbers were much higher, Penniman writes. She took a look at five African American individuals or groups that are making a living farming, including the Tuskegee United Leadership and Innovation Program (TULIP) in Alabama. "Members grow traditional African-American crops such as okra, corn, squash, watermelon, eggplants, cucumber, tomatoes, peppers, and a special variety of purple sweet potato bred by George Washington Carver, a renowned black agriculturalist. They supply three local grocery stores and two restaurants, and train their neighbors to start their own home gardens." (Yes! graphic)
Fewer than 1% of rural Medicare beneficiaries received care via telemedicine in 2013, study finds
Telemedicine is touted as a way to get more specialty care to people in rural areas without making them travel to urban centers. Despite a 28 percent increase in rural telemedicine visits among Medicare beneficiaries from 2004 to 2013, only 0.7 percent of rural beneficiaries received a telemedicine visit in 2013, says a study by researchers at Harvard Medical School, published in The Journal of the American Medical Association. More than 40,000 rural Medicare beneficiaries received a telemedicine visit in 2013, averaging 2.6 visits each for 107,955 total visits, up from 7,015 visits in 2004. (Harvard graphic: Rates of telemedicine visits per 1,000 rural Medicare beneficiaries in states with and without telemedicine parity laws)
The study found that "most visits occurred in outpatient clinics; 12.5 percent occurred in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. Mental health conditions were responsible for 79 percent of visits. Rural beneficiaries who received a 2013 telemedicine visit were more likely to be younger than 65 years, have entered Medicare due to disability, have more illnesses, and live in a poorer community compared with those who did not receive a telemedicine visit."
Researchers wrote: "Proposed federal legislation would encourage greater use of telemedicine through expanded reimbursement. In contrast to others, we found that state laws that mandate commercial insurance reimbursement of telemedicine were not associated with faster growth in Medicare telemedicine use. Our results emphasize that nonreimbursement factors may be limiting growth of telemedicine including state licensure laws and restrictions that a patient must be hosted at a clinic or facility."
Researchers wrote: "Proposed federal legislation would encourage greater use of telemedicine through expanded reimbursement. In contrast to others, we found that state laws that mandate commercial insurance reimbursement of telemedicine were not associated with faster growth in Medicare telemedicine use. Our results emphasize that nonreimbursement factors may be limiting growth of telemedicine including state licensure laws and restrictions that a patient must be hosted at a clinic or facility."
Tribes to create monarch butterfly habitat in Okla.
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| National Geographic photo |
Insecticides and illegal logging in designated habitats are largely blamed for destroying milkweed plants, which are the main source of food for the butterflies, whose numbers fell 90 percent in recent years after reaching 1 billion in 1996. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in February started a conservation fund for the butterfly and in September announced the first round of grants totaling $3.3 million from the fund.
"The butterflies spend the winter in Mexico and then go through several generations as they fly north, through Oklahoma, on their long migration to Canada," Brandes writes. "While an estimated 1 billion monarchs migrated in 1996, only about 35 million made the trip in 2013, according to Marcus Kronforst, a professor of ecology and evolution at the University of Chicago who has studied monarchs. Their numbers have rebounded in recent years but are still well below what they were two decades ago."
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