Research shows that government transparency decreases without newspapers

Photo by Ashni, Unsplash

A study comparing freedom of information requests in relation to news deserts showed that governments were less transparent in states that had fewer newspapers, Gretchen A. Peck reported for Editor & Publisher.

“These initial studies show that newspapers make a difference. They hold governments accountable, especially to budgets,” David Cuillier, study researcher and former newspaper editor, said in an interview with Peck. “Local governments are more likely to be careful with our tax dollars and less wasteful. Engagement improves. Voting turnout improves. … Newspapers matter in saving democracy.”

Cuillier also expressed his worries about restrictions on journalism in the current political environment.

He cited the removal of access to White House visitor logs, websites and data, and other files and information pertaining to department activities. Cuillier also mentioned the administration’s “battle” against journalists through financial, legal and prohibitive means.

“There are huge things going on right now that we haven’t seen before, starting with the president not releasing his tax returns, unlike all other presidents,” Cuillier said. “The list goes on and on.”

After a long wait by American farmers, China purchases U.S. soybeans for the first time since January

The loss of Chinese soybean sales over the summer 
caused U.S. soy prices to plummet. (Adobe Stock photo)

After months of giving American soybean farmers the cold shoulder, China purchased 14 cargoes of U.S. soybeans earlier this week. Karl Plume of Reuters reports, "It's the largest purchase since at least January and the most significant since a summit between President Donald Trump and President Xi Jinping in October." 

Although soybeans from South America are significantly cheaper, Beijing purchased U.S. beans to "meet the pledges it made to Washington at the trade summit in Busan, South Korea," Plume explains. "The White House said China had agreed to buy 12 million metric tons of U.S. soybeans this year." That's less than half of what China purchased -- roughly 27 million tons -- of U.S. soy in 2024.

 

The purchase marks a positive shift in U.S.-China trade relations, after a summer of tariff wars between the two countries, which led China to skip U.S. soybeans and instead purchase millions of tons of soy from Brazil and Argentina. 

 

The loss of Chinese soy purchases over the summer caused U.S. soy prices to tank, hurting American farmers already under stress from high costs and income insecurity. China bought nearly half of all U.S. soybeans in 2024.

 

Jim Sutter, chief executive officer of the U.S. Soybean Export Council, told Reuters, "It is good to see the hard work of our U.S. trade negotiators and their Chinese counterparts turning into business for U.S. soy farmers and exporters. We look forward to this continuing as trade lanes are restored." 

Data center developments offer plenty of community reporting opportunities

U.S. data center infrastructure, with the relationship between the data center locations, transmission infrastructure and fiber optic networks. (NREL map, click to enlarge)

While rural areas may receive an economic boost from data center development in their community, the sprawling energy and water needs that AI hubs require can impact an entire region.

Data centers are a "relatively new kind of industrial infrastructure that environmental journalists may want to pay attention to," writes Joseph A. Davis for the Society of Environmental Journalists.

In areas that experience extremes of heat or cold, power-hungry AI can strain local electrical grids that may already be struggling to meet daily demand for local businesses and homes.

In addition to energy-gobbling, data centers also require enormous amounts of fresh water. Many communities across the U.S. are grappling with ongoing droughts and depleted aquifers. A data center build could leave its community thirsty.

According to Davis, here are story ideas to consider and ways to gather information:

• Find the data center(s) nearest you. Ask the PR people for a tour. There are helpful maplike resources from the National Renewable Energy Labs, Datacenters.com and Visual Capitalist.
• What is the power situation in your data center region? Do you ever have brownouts or energy conservation requests during AC season? Talk to your nearby electric utilities about load management.
• What zoning and permits do your burgeoning data centers need in order to build and operate? Have they got all the approvals they need? Did local authorities make any concessions to usual rules? Tax breaks?
• Where does the cooling water for your local data center, if any, come from? Are permits needed? What happens to the water that is discharged, and what are the heat effects on aquatic systems?
• How many jobs will be created during the construction of the data center? How many jobs after it is operating? Can local people fill them?
• Is your planned data center creating its own power plants to operate? Are they fossil-fueled? Green-powered? Nuclear? What are the environmental consequences?

Reporting resources:

• Data Center Coalition: This trade and lobbying group calls itself “The Voice of the Data Center Industry.”
• Utility companies: Power for many data centers comes from local electric utilities. Check in with your local utilities to see what requirements they have imposed (or waived) for the data center. Here’s a starting list.
• Zoning or planning boards: Siting of industrial facilities often requires approval from such bodies, or city and county councils. Find out what actions are pending and go to the meetings.
• Public utility commissions: Every state has a PUC that regulates local utilities. Check in with your PUC to see if your data center meets requirements. Here’s a list.

Opinion: U.S. educational mismatch leaves American manufacturers unable to fill 'millions of critical jobs'

A shortage of trained mechanics means auto owners 
will pay more for repairs. (Ford photo)

Moving the manufacturing of any product back to the U.S. is an expensive and iffy gamble that can take years to bring into fruition. For many companies, the idea of reshoring labor-intensive industries isn't even on the table because the nation doesn't have enough skilled trade workers to staff factory floors.

Ford Motor CEO Jim Farley "pointed out on a podcast last week that he can’t find enough skilled mechanics to run his auto plants. Specifically, Ford can’t fill 5,000 mechanic jobs that pay $120,000 a year," writes The Wall Street Journal editorial board.

“We are in trouble in our country. We are not talking about this enough,” Farley told Monica Langley of the "Office Hours" podcast. "We have over a million openings in critical jobs, emergency services, trucking, factory workers, plumbers, electricians and tradesmen.”

For decades, American youth have been influenced to attend college rather than trade schools through government-sponsored financial support and cultural influences that push college degrees as a prerequisite for success, even when a trade profession might be a better fit. "This has created a skills mismatch in the labor market," the board adds. "Unemployment among young college grads is increasing, while employers struggle to hire skilled manufacturing workers, technicians and contractors."

When graduate numbers are compared, the extreme shortage of skilled workers becomes clear. "Only 114,000 Americans in their 20s completed vocational programs during the first 10 months of last year, compared to 1.24 million who graduated from four-year colleges and 405,000 who received advanced degrees," the board writes.

A lack of skilled workers eventually costs consumers more money. "An American whose F-150 truck breaks down will still have to pay more at the repair shop owing to the mechanic shortage," the board explains. "Steering every high school student toward college is doing tangible harm to the labor market — and the young."

Managing cattle manure can prevent antibiotic-resistant bacteria from contaminating crops, new study finds

Unmanaged cow manure can cause antibiotic-resistant bacteria
to proliferate. (Adobe Stock photo)

Manure and antibiotic management on cattle ranches can help prevent the growth of more antibiotic-resistant bacteria, a new study finds.

Researchers have uncovered substantial evidence that unmanaged livestock manure poses a global health risk by transmitting antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) when spread in fields or used to water crops.

When antibiotics are used to treat livestock, resistant bacteria and their resistance genes "can build up in cattle guts, which is then excreted into manure," reports Pragathi Ravi for Offrange. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genes "reduce the effectiveness of critical medicines on humans." 

Giving farm animals antibiotics only when they are ill -- not as a way to promote growth -- is one way to prevent antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes from multiplying, according to the World Health Organization. 

One problem with antibiotic-resistant bacteria or genes is that once they have sickened a human, there is no viable treatment. Ravi adds, "In 2021, a study published in The Lancet estimated that 4.71 million deaths were associated with antimicrobial resistance between 1990 and 2021."

Humans can become ill from contact with untreated manure or from ingesting food fertilized or watered with unprocessed manure that contains bacteria. Ravi explains, "Salmonella can grow inside a tomato, which means washing it externally is not going to help when the tomato is consumed raw."

Study researcher and professor Xun Qian told Ravi: "Livestock manure carries antibiotic resistance genes that can defeat every major class of antibiotics used in human medicine — including those considered ‘last resort.'" 

Implementing programs that support proper manure composting before it is applied to farmland can help prevent ARGs from spreading.

Time to talk turkey: The cost of this year's Thanksgiving dinner has decreased

When Americans sit down to their Thanksgiving dinners next week, the dinner's price tag will be a bit lower, according to the American Farm Bureau Federation’s 40th annual Thanksgiving dinner survey. The report shows that the average cost this year to feed 10 people a classic dinner will be $55.08, down from $58.08 in 2024. The average price of a 16-pound turkey this year is $21.50, down 16% from 2024.

Over the last few years, the star of the meal -- usually a turkey -- has dropped in price, while the cost of sides such as fresh vegetables and sweet potatoes has increased. "A veggie tray is up more than 61% and sweet potatoes are up 37%," reports AFBF. "Natural disasters contributed to these higher costs. North Carolina, which produces more than half of the nation’s sweet potatoes, experienced hurricane damage that reduced yields and tightened supplies ahead of the holiday."

As families and friends sit down to bountiful holiday meals, giving thanks for the hard work and ingenuity of U.S. farmers might be in order. AFBF reports, "Crop prices have fallen again while fuel, fertilizer, labor and machinery costs continue to climb, leaving many operations below breakeven . . . effective support remains essential to keeping America’s food supply stable, affordable and secure."

Journalists can apply by Dec. 7 to attend program on "Saving Local News: A Practical Guide"

Kiplinger Fellows 
(Photo from Kiplinger website)

Journalists can apply for a 2026 Kiplinger Fellowship by Dec. 7 to join journalists from across the United States and around the world for a week of learning with top industry leaders and professionals.

The focus of the Kiplinger Fellowship will be on "Saving Local News: A Practical Guide" and will be held at the Scripps College of Communication on the Ohio University campus in Athens, Ohio, May 11-14, 2026.

The Kiplinger Fellowship is a program that trains journalists to tackle critical issues that impact the industry. Fellowships provide lodging, most meals, free training and include a travel stipend.

The Institute for Rural Journalism at the University of Kentucky and the Local News Initiative at Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism will be helping with the program as well. 

Application instructions are found here. Click here to apply.

Secretary of Agriculture plans to have all food stamp beneficiaries recertify to receive benefits

Recent SNAP spending peaked around 2020 during the Covid pandemic. (The Conversation graph, from USDA data)

The secretary of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Brooke Rollins, announced last week that all Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients will be required to recertify to continue receiving benefits. 

Rollins said recertification is needed to help root out fraud and corruption in the SNAP program, formerly known as food stamps, reports Grace Yarrow of Politico. 

Rollins told Newsmax that she plans to “have everyone reapply for their benefits, make sure that everyone that’s taking a taxpayer-funded benefit through . . . food stamps, that they literally are vulnerable and they can’t survive without it.”

The most common types of SNAP fraud include applicants who lie about their living or financial situations to qualify for benefits, enrollees who trade their food benefits for cash and criminals who "skim" EBT cards to steal their benefits.

Rollins did not give a process or timeline for all SNAP beneficiaries to recertify, but she has "teased an announcement of a new plan to overhaul the program in the coming weeks," Yarrow writes.

President Donald Trump maintained that SNAP is intended for people who can't afford the most basic grocery items and are unable to work.

He told Fox News, "SNAP is supposed to be if you’re down and out. . . But people who are able-bodied can do a job — they leave their job because they figure they can pick this up, it’s easier. That’s not the purpose of it.”

Although SNAP spending peaked at $128 billion during the pandemic, U.S. taxpayers still paid $100 billion for the program in 2024, which served roughly 42 million Americans. 

Any federal aid package is unlikely to reach American farmers in time for 2026 crop planning

Farmers plan out their next planting season during
the winter. (Adobe Stock photo)

Relief money for American farmers caught up in the Trump administration's recent trade disputes is likely to arrive too late to help them plan 2026 crops. "For months, farmers have pleaded for government aid to soften the blow of trade wars and another unprofitable harvest," reports Kevin Draper of The New York Times. "Most farmers and bankers have concluded that any aid will be too little and too late to rescue the next planting season."

The post-harvest season is when most farmers take stock of their finances and partner with their bankers to plan expenditures for the following year; however, high crop yields, low commodity prices, and few sales to China have caused some farmers to forgo any 2025 sales and store beans and grain. Other farmers have sold their crops at a loss. Both groups face the prospect of having to take on debt or use their cash reserves to fund their next planting season.

Even if the Department of Agriculture and the Trump administration work with speedy precision, it could "still take months before farmers receive any checks," Draper explains. "That would be well after the crucial winter [decision] period."

Stephen Vaden, the deputy secretary of agriculture, said on the “AgriTalk” radio show last month, "We may need to have a bridge to next year, but how many lanes that bridge has is going to be determined by what the market does between now and then."

Farmers are also waiting on new Farm Bill decisions. Draper adds, "It is also unclear if Congress will pass a new farm bill, which expired in 2023 and was extended a third time as part of the legislation to reopen the government."

Rural schools may face dire teacher shortages as federal funding is canceled, and H-1B visas are priced out of reach

In many rural schools, the majority of teachers are
not from the U.S. (Adobe Stock photo)

Federal funding cuts and skyrocketing H-1B visa fees are likely to deepen teacher shortages in rural schools, where international teachers helped fill staffing shortages.

Earlier this year, the federal Department of Education canceled teacher residency and training grants for rural schools. In September, President Donald Trump "announced a $100,000 fee on new H-1B visa applications — visas hundreds of schools use to hire international teachers for hard-to-staff positions," writes Ariel Gilreath of The Hechinger Report, which covers education.

Melissa Sadorf, the executive director of the National Rural Education Association, told Gilreath the H-1B fee increase could cause the rural teacher workforce to "collapse."

Halifax County School District in rural North Carolina serves as an example: "Districtwide, 101 of 156 educators are international," Gilreath reports. "Of the 17 teachers who work at Everetts Elementary School in the district, two are from the United States."

Since few rural schools have the funding to pay $100k for an H-1B visa, districts will be forced to hire international teachers through the J-1 visa, which requires recipients to return home after three to five years.

While the J-1 visa helps schools fill staffing holes, it doesn't deliver a return on investment through retention because teachers have to leave the country just as they are hitting their stride in the classroom.

With fewer American college students choosing elementary and secondary teaching as a profession, the U.S. has an overall teacher shortage "that’s made filling vacancies one of the most challenging problems for school leaders to solve," Gilreath explains. 

In rural Bunker Hill, Illinois, where "more than 500 students attend two schools, some positions have gone unfilled for years," Gilreath reports. "Students often end up with a long-term substitute or an unlicensed student teacher."

Miners with black lung disease push back against the Trump administration's failure to enforce new silica rule

Silica dust is present in all extracted coal.
(Adobe Stock photo)

Coal miners hoped that President Donald Trump would help secure health care safety protections for miners suffering from black lung disease and usher in an era where new U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration silica limits would be enforced. But some mining communities in Appalachia and the West have been angery and disappointed because they believe the administration's actions favor mining operator profits over worker safety.

A rule approved last year by the MSHA Administration would "cut the federal limit for allowable respirable crystalline silica dust exposure by half to help protect miners of all types nationwide from the current driving force of black lung and other illnesses," reports Margie Mason of The Associated Press.

Many mining community members who voted for Trump in his 2024 campaign believed he would protect mine workers from mine owners who opposed the silica rule and sued to delay its enforcement. But that is not the stance the Trump administration has taken.

The new rule is now "in jeopardy amid other Trump administration cutbacks and proposals targeting workers’ health and safety guardrails," Mason explains. "Some angry retired miners with black lung are fighting back, demanding that Trump honor promises he made to the people who voted him in."

Even as the Trump administration maintains that the president puts miners' health first, GOP cuts to agencies that oversee mine safety have left far fewer experts to inspect and enforce current rules.

"In addition, the Labor Department has proposed altering some mining regulations to weaken the authority of district mine health and safety managers that could impact ventilation, roof prevention and training programs," Mason adds. "The White House and the Labor Department insisted the administration can maintain miners’ health and safety while rolling back regulations."

Immigration and Customs Enforcement restaurant raid splits a small town in Trump country

Mt. Vernon townspeople remain divided over
the ICE raid at Pancho's Tacos.

After ICE raided a favorite Mexican food spot in Mount Vernon, Ohio, and hauled off several of its employees, a heated town debate erupted over the incident. The small community of 17,400 people in "deep-red Trump country" is still grappling with the fallout, report Cameron McWhirter and Ruth Simon of The Wall Street Journal.

While the raid at Pancho's Tacos was over in roughly 30 minutes, arguments over the justification or lack thereof for raiding a small-town restaurant and arresting five of its allegedly illegal workers have raged on.

Some Mt. Vernon residents "fully support how the operation took place," McWhirter writes. But other residents voiced concern that ICE tactics aren't the way immigration enforcement ought to work -- especially not in small-town America.

Once word of the raid spread through rumor and social media, online comments on all sides of the incident began pouring in. One commentator wrote, "'I used to remember how people loved one another and accepted one another despite their differences,'" the Journal reports. "But another wrote: 'This is EXACLTY (sic) what we voted for. Send all illegals home.'"

Beyond the spiraling debate, the raid was especially worrisome for area dairy farmers, who rely on an immigrant workforce to do the hard labor required in dairy farming. Noel Alden, a Mount Vernon lawyer, told the Journal, "Neighbors, friends, people who serve them are being whisked away. . . .They haven’t even started on farms yet.”